History of igbo-ora

Oral history revealed that lajorun ajamu Edu, a native of ikole ekiti was a hunter and that his mother, oyepeju jokotade was a daughter of alaafin ajagbo of old oyo kingdom . oyepeju jokotade who was betrothed to elekole ,the ruler of ikole ekiti by her father gave birth to lajorun . alaafin ajagbo was one of the most prominent kings of old oyo who reigned in the 17th century and was recorded to be on the throne for several decades .he was also reputed to have established the position of are ona kakanfo ,the supreme commander of yoruba army . ajagbo’s mother was said to be an indigene of Iwere ile ,

History of igbo-ora

an ancient town in Oyo North .It was said that he put in place a convenant fortified by curses to forbid any are ona kakanfo from attacking or waging war against his maternal town , lwere ile .this convenant was violated by one of his successors much later, alaafin aole (1789-1796) when he ordered afonja ,his are ona kakanfo to attack Iwere ile . the crisis that spawned afonja’s insurrection essentially centered around conventions and oaths which he did not want violated . as a result of this , afonja declined to carry out the orders of alaafin aole who was his commander-in chief .the rest is history. this is a proof of lajorun’s relationship with Iwere ile , his maternal great grandmother’s place of birth . many of his mother’s relatives had a strong presence as extended families in Igbo-ora even till today. lajorun descendants are praised as follows, thus establishing strong and indisputable link with both Iwere ile and lkole ekiti .

The founding and early history of Igbo-ora

Later in his adulthood, lajorun left ikole ekiti probably to seek greener pasture outside his place of birth. this movement could have been divinely sanctioned as such was common place in that era of the history of yoruba legends. he finally arrived at a location now regarded as orile Igbo-ora, not far from river oluokun. one tradition added that the younger brother of ajorun named olajomo was with him in the movement to the new establishment. olajomo descendants hold the title of Jagun of Igbo-ora. Jagun used to be in the second position to the ruler but ceded the position to onilado much later. It was further revealed that lajorun later met another hunter, lasogba, in the forest in the area called Igbo- ile where the university of Ibadan’s Ibarapa community health project and general hospital, Igbo-ora are now sited. the founding of Igbo-ora was most likely to have taken place in late 18th century (between 1750 and 1799)

Growth, naming, and early settlers of Igbo-ora

With the passage of time, people joined lajorun in his new settlement from different places such as oyo and border areas including oke ogun and oke oyan because of the fertile land which was good for subsistence farming. This new settlement was claimed to be named igbo-iwera or igbo-olora, because of the fertility of the soil or the marshy nature of the forest around Igbo-ile. There were a lot of other unsubstantiated claims with regards to the origin of the name of the town. this nomenclature, with time became corrupted and became igbo-ora. another tradition stated that igbo-ora was named after ora (ora being an appellation for a woman of royal blood). this is in deference to lajorun’s mother, being an oyo-ile princess. there were other neighbouring settlements around igbo-ora which lajorun later found out. he discovered there were some other powerful neighbours not too far away and enjoyed cordial relationship with all of them. He was described as accommodating, courageous and friendly . there have been a lot of debates as to who arrived first among all the early settlers or the earliest of all the settlements. nobody has to date been able to establish this convincingly. one of these earliest settlers was osho popularly known as baba aso.

Autonomy, unity, and interconnections among early communities

Each of these communities – Igbo-ora, saganun, Igbole, pako and Idofin- was autonomous at the beginning of existence though they all had friendly relationship with one another and a lot in common in the area of commerce, culture and traditional religious practices. the people intermarried and related with one another. apart from genetic connections, closer ties among the founders was fostered by two important factors – socioeconomic and desire for safety from external aggression .
Saganun was the least populated of all the five communities but could have been bigger had it being that agidi war did not bring saganun to its ruin. lagaye finally settled at saganun hill in the company of his relatives, friends and well wishers, he did not rule over saganun as a political head but as a spiritual leader. one of his close associates, ladesu became the first ruler and the descendants , specifically those of ayelabola and onisokun have established a ruling dynasty till today in saganun.

The founding and early history of Igbo-ora

Oral history also revealed that Asoroolu Ayinla in 1888 or thereabout staked a claim for the throne on the basis of having descended from Obe Alade. there was a claim by asooroolu family that their forefather,Obe Alade,who was said to migrate from Oyo founded Igbo-ora and built a palace at Asako as the first Baale. It is on this basis that Asoroolu staked a claim to ascend the throne. this account of Asoroolu family was largely disputed by the elders who did not acceed to such claims as well as the ambition of Asoroolu to rule. Oyekanmi Ayinde (Ayegoro) who was the son of Erubami also expressed interest for the throne. the two opponents were said to be related paternally .In the struggle to realize their ambition , both of them had a fatal clash resulting in the mysterious death of Oyekanmi. Oral tradition reported that Oyekanmi died in a manner not seen as natural . the traditional institution did not consider Asoroolu entitled to the throne as he was not regarded as a descendant of Lajorun but was seen as a usurper. there were claims that he was a devotee of Osanyin and Egungun, just like his progenitor, Obe Alade who the opposing ruling families credited with the title of Baale Osanyin, a powerful medicine man. the opponents , particularly the Lajorun descendants insisted the Asoroolus had no historical connections with the royal leadership and should be contented with their status as adherents of Osanyin and Egungun worships
Atoyebi from Olukosi compound and a direct descendant of Omobale was subsequently called upon to ascend the throne in 1890. He was residing at Iseyin and on his way to Igbo-Ora for the installation, paid a courtesy visit on his elder brother at Eruwa. His brother advised him to have his head shaved in preparation for the installation. His brother who harboured cruel intentions ,probably as a result of sibling rivalry or envy, used poisoned scalpel ( Abe ti won ti re pelu ogun) to shave his brother’s head in preparation for the iwuye ceremony . In consequence of this evil machination by his elder brother, Atoyebi died at Igbo-Ora on the morning of installation day. He never reigned. He and his family lost out. In fact, his family has never had another opportunity since in spite of their struggles. The family launched a strong bid for the throne in 1975 following the death of Baale Adeoye with the purchase of a small bus (Agolo zoro) on which” Atoyebi Baale Igbo-Ora” was inscribed. This attempt was met with failure.

Ojo’s role in Igbo-ora’s security and socioeconomic development

Ojo was a successful farmer and hunter who had become reputable in the commerce and economic well being of his village called Fedegbo. He was also pivotal to the security of his people against bandits and marauders operating from the Border areas. Ojo became famous and outstanding among the children of his father, Akintan. When Ojo’s fame reached Igbo-Ora where Atambala was ruling, he was invited to Igbo-Ora as a special guest of the Baale. He was invited to render a helping hand in the resolution of some vital issues militating against socioeconomic and physical development of Igbo-Ora including potential threats from the Fulani warlords and bandits feeding fat from slave trade business. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Yorubaland became the theatre of internecine wars often engineered by ambitious princes and military warlords of that era who were bent on slave raiding for the benefit of European slave markets.
Kindly recall that Ajayi Ogidiolu was the only child of his parents- Ojo Olukotun and Abayomi. He grew up to become a powerful warrior and military strategist. As a young man, he was made the Balogun of Igbo-Ora who would be in charge of the soldiers of Igbo-Ora. It was an era of wars, conflicts and terror in Yorubaland and the time required someone of the status of Ajayi to protect the town. Ajayi Ogidiolu, assumed the command of Igbo-ora Army as Generalismo during Agidi war between Saganun and Igbo-Ora in the mid- 1860s. Saganun, a neighbouring community under the military command of Agidi attacked Igbo- Ora. During this war, the Saganun people were led by Agidi, a very powerful but notorious warrior. Agidi had great magical power and bravery and Saganun had grown rapidly under his military leadership .Though he was not the political head but those that ruled the town did so at his pleasure. As a result of his ambition to fortify his socioeconomic position, he resolved to engage in brigandage, kidnapping,
Ajayi Ogidiolu led in the destruction and elimination of Agidi. This war decimated the population of Saganun. Ajayi later participated in other wars such as Egba war of 1875 which ended at Babalokuta.

Impact of the dahomean invasion on surrounding communities

In the aftermath of Dahomean invasion ,Igbole ,Saganun, Pako and Idofin were completely deserted with many of their inhabitants fleeing to Iseyin ,Abeokuta and neighbouring towns . Idofin which was not a theatre of war was also deserted with large segment of her population leaving for Abeokuta .The same fate befell Saganun which was already suffering underpopulation as a result of the previous Agidi war. Rev. Samuel Johnson on page 455 of the above mentioned book had this to say “ The Dahomeans who had hitherto confined their depredations to the Egba and Egbado districts now for the first time advanced into the western districts of Yoruba proper. The Ibadans ,since destruction of Ijaye on whom it would have devolved to meet this threatened danger heard this news with chagrin ,they could only chafe but could render no help in that quarter .The Dahomeans fourth campaign was against the towns bordering on Egba disricts and also on Western districts. Berekodo ,Oke Tapa , Aiyete ,Pako ,Gangan ,Igbo-Ora ,Idofin, Idere were all taken . Eruwa was deserted” .
It was Ajayi who moved the present Igbo-Ora community to the present site and was best regarded as the founder of modern Igbo-Ora. He, against his will, was prevailed upon by the generality of the people of Igbo-Ora to ascend the throne of Baale of Igbo-Ora . As a result of his military prowess and ingenuity culminating in his success in the Dahomean war, there was a general acclamation for him to lead the community. This was in addition to the fact that he was considered a rightful heir to the throne being the only child of his mother, Abayomi who was a sister to Atambala 1, and a grandchild of Lajorun. He gave a condition that he would only rule if considered on merit and would reign from his father’s domain and not as an off shoot of Atambala. His conditions were accepted and he was installed as Baale of Igbo-Ora in 1894. In essence, he established a new dynasty. He brought all the hitherto autonomous communities viz. Pako, Igbole, Saganun, Idofin and the newly established Iberekodo, together under the canopy of Igbo-Ora as a federation. With the return of peace later, some of these people who had taken shelter at Abeokuta decided to settle down in their new abode which they named after their native communities.Today,there are Idere,Idofin, Iberekodo and Ibarapa communities in Abeokuta. Iberekodo was established by the Igbole people as a new settlement on their return from exile in Abeokuta post- Dahomean war.

The ayeriyina crisis and mismanagement allegations

Ayeriyina was accused of sitting on huge sum of money released by the colonial government to pay for services rendered by the youth of the community who were engaged in road construction linking the town to other communities. There was general discontent and breakdown of peace within the town particularly among the youth as a result of alleged act of diversion or misapplication of public fund. There was a belief in some quarters that the crisis was instigated by his rivals led by Adefemi Akanmu who were scheming to succeed him. However, it was known that he received wise counsels and appeals to reconcile with the aggrieved youth and his enemies but he stubbornly refused to shift ground. Although Ayeriyina was deposed, the Native Authority was magnanimous by offering him a living and monthly allowance of two British pounds until his death in 1941.
It came to the turn of Ajibona family who was asked to present a candidate to succeed Ayeriyina. Adefemi Akanmu ,the son of Ayegoro saw himself as the most qualified and seized the opportunity. He had been a bitter rival to Ayeriyina in his pursuit of power. The Ajibona Alajes who had been allowed to present a candidate in the past but were not interested gave the slot to Erubami, their maternal relation . After the dethronement of Ayeriyina( Ayeriyina), another opportunity arose for the Ajibona family but as usual, they never indicated interest in the throne. Adefemi was related to the Ajibonas maternally but was a grandchild to Erubami . The Adefemi and Ajibona families are till today living in the same Alaje compound and were hitherto seen as belonging to the same family. Adefemi Akanmu assumed the throne in 1931. Apparently, this appeared as if the Alaje family had sold their birthright. There was another claim that Adefemi ascended the throne on the platform of Erubami family which was believed to be paternally related to the Asoroolu family. Asoroolus had claimed that Erubami and Adefemi were descendants of their progenitors- Obe Alade and Asoroolu and became rulers in Igbo-Ora on the platform of Asoroolu family

Jinadu Kurumiloju Adeoye: Leadership and Development in Igbo-Ora

Ajayi Ogidiolu ruling family was asked to produce a successor to Adefemi Akanmu. Jinadu Kurumiloju Adeoye emerged to succeed Adefemi Akanmu after a bitter contest within the family. He was recommended by the Kingmakers in a letter to Olubadan in July 1941. This was on account of his popularity, widespread acceptance, integrity, wealth, courage as well as his family heritage. He was the youngest son of Ajayi Ogidiolu, the first paramount ruler of Igbo-Ora and the only son of his mother. He had a successful reign with Igbo-Ora witnessing development in all ramifications. It was an era of progress in all sectors of the economy – road development, establishment of schools, Town Hall (1951), headquarter of Ibarapa district council (1945), Rural health centre (1962), pipe borne water (1965), Methodist Secondary modern School (1955), Igbo-Ora High School (1963), Post Office (1972), Chairmanship of Ibarapa Council of Chiefs, electricity (1975) and several other communal projects. During his reign, the town enjoyed peace, harmony and unity of purpose. Adeoye was the first Ibarapa member of the Western Region Council of Obas and Chiefs at its inauguration. He was highly connected, popular and recognized throughout the Western Region. He as the supreme authority in Igbo-Ora, had received and hosted regional Government officials and prominent rulers from other lands including the Olubadan Abas Aleshinloye which he hosted in 1942 at the Methodist Manse building close to his palace.

Chieftaincy Rotation, Leadership, and Challenges in Igbo-Ora

Rotation is to be in that order. In this declaration, Adeoye ensured the creation of Atambala as a ruling house to compensate the family having been long forgotten in the scheme of things. Meanings were read into this. Particularly, this was seen as a favour to his extended family. It is still not clear why Erubami appeared as a ruling house in place of Ajibona .Probably, it was because of the feeling that the Ajibona family had sold its birthright to Erubami and his grandchild Adefemi. Erubami was one of the strong men in the Igbo-ora of old, prior to Dahomey war and was the father of Ayegoro Oyekanmi who lost out after a fatal clash with Asoroolu in their bid for power. Ayegoro was the father of Adefemi Akanmu . One of this ruling houses is Agbojojoye .There was a report of heavy downpours coinciding with the assumption of Ayeriyina Akande to the throne .Agbojojoye was used as a nomenclature for the Ayeriyina ruling house in the chieftancy declaration of 1957. Furthermore, Awayeeti/ Omobale ought to have been included as a ruling house in the Chieftancy declaration of 1957 but was left out. This is in spite of the fact that the ruling house which presented Atoyebi was to have had its turn in 1890. There were feelers that politics and unhealthy rivalry could have been the reasons for the exclusion of Awayeeti. Adeoye carefully picked his successor using the instrumentality of the Chieftaincy declaration and ensured he had a free ride to the throne. It was on the basis of this Chieftaincy declaration that Jacob Oyerogba Oyewole from Atambala family ascended the throne of Baale of Igbo-Ora in November,
Historically, Ajayi Ogidiolu and Atambala ruling houses share the some root as has been previously explained.
The Chieftancy Edict of 1957 separated Ajayi Ogidiolu ruling house from Atambala ruling house in spite of the fact that both are intrinsically linked, historically related and share a common heritage.
This recommendation was approved by the Oyo state Government in 1977. This has effectively made Ajayi ruling house a component of Atambala ruling house.
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